FM 3-60 TARGETING : Targeting Principles and Philosophy

Chapter 1

 Targeting Principles and Philosophy

According to joint publication (JP) 3-60, a target is an entity or object considered for possible engagement or other action. Targets also include the wide array of mobile and stationary forces, equipment, capabilities, and functions that an enemy commander can use to conduct operations. Targeting is the process of selecting and prioritizing targets and matching the appropriate response to them, considering operational requirements and capabilities (JP 3-0). The emphasis of targeting is on identifying resources (targets) the enemy can least afford to lose or that provide him with the greatest advantage, then further identifying the subset of those targets which must be acquired and attacked to achieve friendly success. Denying these resources to the enemy makes him vulnerable to friendly battle plans. These resources constitute critical enemy vulnerabilities. Successful targeting enables the commander to synchronize intelligence, maneuver, fire support systems, nonlethal systems, and special operations forces by attacking the right target with the best system at the right time. Targeting is a complex and multidiscipline effort that requires coordinated interaction among many command functions. These command functions in collaboration are referred to as the targeting working group and include, but are not limited to, the fires, intelligence, current operations, future operations, and plans cells. Representatives from these cells are essential to a comprehensive targeting process. Other members of the staff may help them in the planning and execution phases of targeting. Close coordination among all cells is crucial for a successful targeting effort. Sensors and collection capabilities under the control of external agencies must be closely coordinated for efficient and quick reporting of fleeting or dangerous targets. In addition, the appropriate means and munitions must attack the vulnerabilities of different types of targets.